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<?php

$users = User::query()
    ->when($role, fn ($query, $role) =>
        $query->where('role', $role)
    )
    ->latest()
    ->get();

// Further reading: https://laravel-news.com/eloquent-tips-tricks

<?php

public function publishedPosts(): HasMany
{
    return $this->hasMany(Post::class)
        ->whereNotNull('published_at')
        ->latest('published_at');
}

// Further reading: https://laravel-news.com/eloquent-tips-tricks